Figure 1: Float Level Sensor. Working and Construction of Float Level Sensor The float type level indicator is shown in Fig. 1. A float rests on the surface of liquid and follows the changing level of liquid. The movement of the float is transmitted to the pointer by a stainless steel or phosphor-bronze flexible cable […]
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Diaphragms are widely used for pressure measurements particularly in a very low ranges (0 to 4 mmHg). They can be flat, corrugated or dished plates and the choice depends on the strength and amount of deflection desired.
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Figure 1: Bourdon Tube Pressure Gauge. Working and Construction of Bourdon Tube Pressure Gauge The Bourdon tube is the most frequently used pressure gauge because of its simplicity and rugged construction. It covers ranges from 0-15 psig to 0-100,000 psig, as well as vacua from 0 to 30 inches of mercury. It consists of a
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Hay’s Bridge method of measurement is particularly suited for the measurement of inductance having high Q Values. Figure 1: Hay’s Bridge.
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Maxwell’s Bridge method is used for measuring an unknown inductances of low Q values. It measures unknown inductance in terms of known capacitance. The circuit of Maxwell’s bridge is shown in Fig. 1. One arm of the bridge has resistor R1 in parallel with capacitor C1. The unknown inductor Lx with series resistor Rx is
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Electroplating is the process in which a layer of some metal is deposited for decorative or protective purposes on the articles of other base metal by electrolysis.
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Metallic conductors carry an electric current without any change in their physical and chemical state, except, perhaps, a rise in temperature. However, there are some liquids which can conduct an electric current, but the passage of current through them is always accompanied by a chemical change. Such liquids are known as electrolytes. Various chemical compounds
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Electrical Bus Bar is a conductor made up of copper or aluminium of larger cross-sectional area compared to the conventional conductors. It carries higher amount of currents in a limited space and to which all the incoming and outgoing feeders are connected in a substation.
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When the transformer is on load, the secondary winding is connected with load as in figure (1) and current I2 is flowing through load. Operation of Transformer On load Figure (1) shows a transformer with a load connected across the secondary winding. The load current I2 flowing through the secondary turns sets up its own
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When the transformer is on no-load, the secondary winding is opened as in figure (a) and current I2 is zero. In this condition, the primary winding draws a no-load current ‘I0‘ which has two components i.e., Magnetizing component (Iµ), and Working component (Iw).
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